Nadra Services Essay Example

Nadra Services Essay NICOP (National Identity Card for Overseas Pakistanis) is a registration document to be issued to a valid/legitimate citizen of Pakistan. Previously it was issued to overseas Pakistanis working/living/staying/studying abroad for consecutive time period of six months or possessing dual nationalities but now it can be issued to any citizen of Pakistan. †¢ Data Acquisition at Data Acquisition Unit (DAU) o Issuance of Token o Photo Capturing o Thumb and Signatures o Data Acquisition by DEO o Form Printing o Attestation Form Submission †¢ Data uploading to NADRA Data Warehouse Verification and Clearance from NADRA Data Warehouse †¢ Printing at Production †¢ Delivery of NICOP to NSRC or Address The POC program endeavors to provide eligible foreigners with unprecedented incentives to get back to their roots, while ensuring that the motherland remains tightly integrated with expatriates worldwide which includes †¢ Visa-free entry into Pakistan. †¢ Indefinite st ay in Pakistan. †¢ Exemption from foreigner registration requirements. †¢ Permission to purchase and sell property. †¢ Right to open and operate bank accounts. Data Acquisition at Data Acquisition Unit (DAU) †¢ Issuance of Token †¢ Photo Capturing †¢ Thumb and Signatures †¢ Data Acquisition by DEO †¢ Verification from NADRA Data Warehouse †¢ Printing at Production †¢ Delivery of POC CNIC (Computerized National Identity Card) is the core product of NADRA issued to a valid/legitimate citizen of Pakistan. It is a blend of state-of-the-art technology and well-defined business rules to guarantee its authenticity and validity. Every genuine, 18 Years and above, citizen of Pakistan is eligible for CNIC. CRC Child Registration Certificates is a registration document used to register minors under the age of 18 years. FRC Family Registration Certificates are documents issued to nationals of Pakistan highlighting the family tree structure of the applicant. Multi Biometric ID Card NADRA has developed a comprehensive system with Interactive Data Acquisition Web methodologies; acquiring, transferring, processing, archiving data producing ISO compliant secure identification documents. This system generates unique citizen identification numbers for entire population. The Registration system integrates biometric technologies such as Automated Finger Identification Systems (AFIS) and Facial Recognition Systems and is capable of providing identity verification to all integral Government departments. The system can meet any standards required by the customer, including ISO 7810 and ICAO 9303 compliant ID cards. NADRA provides integration services for all types of ID technologies as per the clients’ requirement including Smart Card, RFID cards, Java cards and microprocessor based cards. The end-to-end registration system ensures authenticity of individual documents through visual as well as electronic means. We will write a custom essay sample on Nadra Services specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nadra Services specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nadra Services specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer NADRA provides the following services to its clients: †¢ Evaluate possible technologies and solutions for the project . †¢ Develop a new Identification numbering scheme . †¢ Define technical standards based on requirements and evaluation †¢ Define system security standards . †¢ Undertake a system analysis and design study of the manual process,  to identify gaps in the system †¢ Perform Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) of the existing  procedures †¢ Develop data acquisition methodologies and identify data fields required to be captured †¢ Identify required technologies pertaining to: o Data Acquisition Data Communication o Data Processing o Secure Document Production Document Delivery components †¢ Design Data Backup and Disaster Recovery (DR) plan for the project †¢ Develop requirements for integration with other government bodies †¢ Identify Hardware Software to implement a state-of-the-art system Interactive Registr ation: NADRA has the ability to provide its clients with Multi-biometric Interactive Registration Centers that can be designed as a one widow solution that makes good use of latest data enrollment technology to gather data directly from the applicants thereby eliminating erroneous data processing. The interactive data capturing not only uses customized software for on-the-spot data entry, but also employs software that captures an individual’s photograph as per ICAO standards and biometric technology to capture fingerprints. The data gathered at the acquisition centers is sent directly to the Data Warehouse for processing and finally to printing of secured documents. NADRA has successfully implemented the Multi-Biometric National Identity Card System based on Teslin ® for Pakistan. Till date over 96 million citizens have been registered and over 68 million ID cards produced. National Data Warehouse: NADRA has established the National Data Warehouse to cater the influx of huge data. This central repository stores demographic and geographic data of the citizen and processes applicant’s records for the issuance of multiple secure documents after exhaustive verification through automated biometric facial and fingerprint recognition and verification systems. All the applications running in data warehouse are designed and developed in-house, which caters for all needs of automated processing, personalization and verification with minimum human intervention. Some of the data warehouse applications are: †¢ Phonetics – probably the fastest search engine which searches on the basis of names †¢ Family Identification – provide vertical and horizontal family linkages †¢ Verisys – web based verification system Registration Tracking – tracks applicant’s application through-out the life cycle of processing †¢ Disaster recovery and replication module Verisys The requirement of identification document for evidentiary purposes is incomplete without proper verification mechanism. Having developed the Multi-Biometric National Identity Card for Pakistan backed up by the large centralized national database in the world, NADRA has introduced an  easy- to-use access tool for verification of citizens i n the country named as Verisys. To verify the issued CNIC and avoid any fraudulent activities NADRA launched Verisys, which is an authentication process to provide online verifications of Pakistani citizens to the government, private and corporate sectors for bringing in transparency, validation, elimination of fraud forgery. This is a web-based real-time activity displaying the front and rear image of the CNIC with added hidden information for verifications. Using NADRA`s strong network infrastructure, a reliable and efficient mode of connectivity is provided to clients even in the remotest areas of Pakistan. Automated Border Control To cater for the need for robust identification and verification systems, NADRA has developed Automated Border Control (ABC) system which serves as a tool for law-enforcement agencies in eradicating illegal immigration and human trafficking. The Automated Border Control System is fully automated immigration control system linked with the central Passport server. It authenticates e-Passport, identity and other travel documents by performing on spot Facial Recognition and Fingerprint Identification with utmost reliability and efficiency. It also keeps the record of automated data verification, passenger travel history, flight information, destination, port-of-origin, nationality, verification log and officer’s comments. The Automated Border Control is fully equipped to cater for the following functions: †¢ Optical reading and identification of travel documents †¢ Identification of passenger through AFIS and Facial 1:1 match †¢ Validation of PKI by reading MRZ and 2D Barcode PDF 417 †¢ Identification of passenger data and UV images †¢ Matching with Blacklist and Exit Control List (ECL)

Sibling Rivalry Essays - Sibling, Family, Kinship And Descent

Sibling Rivalry Essays - Sibling, Family, Kinship And Descent Sibling Rivalry Sibling rivalry will always occur in a household of more than one child whether through comparison, fighting, jealousy, or by other means. Parents and children both contribute to the rivalry. It will occur on a daily, weekly, and even an hourly basis. Sibling rivalry may become difficult and annoying to parents, but they must deal with it day after day. In definition, sibling rivalry is when one sibling or more compete with one another or try to emulate each other .Rivalry is different from fighting. It appears when children compete for their parents? love and attention (Faull 88). Sibling relationships can be a key to rivalry. An intense relationship includes love and hate, play and fight, and the teasing and mocking of each other. There are some questions on why certain siblings get along harmoniously and affectionately, while there are others that constantly fight (Dunn front flap). Siblings usually have a very harsh relationship when they are young. As they mature, they become better friends and start getting into fewer and fewer fights .Brothers and sisters sometimes work together to get through jams. Siblings occasionally team up to trick or get back at a parent in revenge (Faber and Mazlish 27-28). Aggression is very frequent in sibling relationships. In one study, 29% of behavior observed between siblings was hostile (Dunn 22). It is usually the older child being aggressive to the younger one, but the younger child may become increasingly aggressive as he/she grows. In one Canadian study, a family where the mother is very friendly to the second born at the eight month stage, the two children were very opposed to each other six months later (Dunn 98). There are many siblings that take their aggression to the extremes, and others who travel through phases of rivalry, then end in a close, loving relationship (?Sibling Aggression?). Plus, not all rivalry is negative. Birth order greatly affects the relationships between siblings. Frank J. Sulloway, writer of Born to Rebel, had this to say about birth order, ?Few aspects of human behavior can claim such generalizability (as birth order) across class, nationality, gender, and time.? Birth order is the ultimate cause of behavior; it is destiny?if not entirely, then pretty nearly so (Epstein 51). First children tend to accomplish more than their siblings do because their parents expect more of them. All children in a family behave differently because of the way they are or were treated by their parents and others. The first child is very bossy to younger sibs, and has strong beliefs about what is right or wrong, and how his younger sibs should behave. He/she does not let the younger ones get away with something they could not do at their age. The second or middle child does not expect to get his or her own way much. They learn to achieve what they want through indirect means. The third or youngest ch ild learns that the best method for him to get his way is by being nice. He frequently does what he wants and gets away with it because others do not notice (Ames and Haber 63-66). Sibling rivalry has many causes that both parents and children can bring about. Parents create rivalry problems by comparison and favoritism. They have to see their kids as separate individuals, and not compare them. The parents have to make sure that comparisons do not lead to them buying one thing for a child?s need, and then buying the same item for the other child even though he does not need it. There are certain types of comparison: positive and pressure. Positive comments can start problems between siblings (i. e. ?I see from your homework that you are a math whiz, just like your sister!? Kent 80). ?Children may feel resentful when parents push them into each other?s turf,? reports Kathy Thorburg, Ph.D (quoted in Kent 80). When a parent compares two siblings, it puts pressure in sports, school, and any other aspects of life on the younger child . Parents inadvertently play favorites with their children. The favorite child may not always be the cutest, smartest, kindest, or mo st thoughtful. It is natural to feel a preference to one